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Sudan |
Capital: Khartoum
Languages: Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English
Currency: Sudanese dinar (SDD)
Background: Became independent from the UK in 1956. Over the past two decades, a civil war pitting black Christians and animists in the south against the Arab-Muslims of the north has cost at least 1.5 million lives in war and famine-related deaths, as well as the displacement of millions of others. Sudan is buffeted by civil war, adverse weather, weak world commodity prices, and a drop in remittances from abroad. The private sector's main areas of activity are agriculture and trading, with most private industrial investment predating 1980. Agriculture employs 80% of the work force. Industry mainly processes agricultural items.
PEOPLE
Population: 39,379,358 (July 2007 est.); 43,939,598 (July 2010 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
2007
Total Population: 49.11 years
Male: 48.24 years
Female: 50.03 years (2007 est.)
2010
Total population: 54.21 years
Male: 53.04 years
Female: 55.44 years (2010 est.)
Age structure:
2007
0-14 years: 41.6% (male 8,371,628/female 8,016,880)
15-64 years: 56% (male 11,080,025/female 10,956,458)
65 years and over: 2.4% (male 504,957/female 449,410) (2007 est.)
2010
0-14 years: 40.7% (male 8,535,551/female 8,173,616)
15-64 years: 56.8% (male 11,745,683/female 11,603,906)
65 years and over: 2.5% (male 532,968/female 496,101) (2010 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.082% (2007 est.); 2.497% (2010 est.)
Population below poverty line: 40% (2004 est.)
HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate: 1.6% (2006 est.); 1.4% (2007 est.)
People living with HIV/AIDS: 350,000 (2006 est.); 320,000 (2007 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total Population: 61.1%
Male: 71.8%
Female: 50.5% (2003 est.)
Refugees and Internally Displaced People:
Refugees (country of origin): 116,746 (Eritrea), 20,000 (Chad), 14,633 (Ethiopia), 7,895 (Uganda), 5,023 (Central African Republic) (2006)
Refugees (country of origin): 157,220 (Eritrea); 25,023 (Chad); 11,009 (Ethiopia); 7,895 (Uganda); 5,023 (Central African Republic) (2007)
IDPs: 5,300,000 - 6,200,000 (internal conflict since 1980s; ongoing genocide in Darfur region, IDP registration for return to South Sudan started in 2005) (2006)
IDPs: 5.3 - 6.2 million (civil war 1983-2005; ongoing conflict in Darfur region) (2007)
ECONOMY
Unemployment rate: N/A
Labour force by Occupation: N/A
Agricultural Products: cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, sesame; sheep, livestock
Industries: oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly
Exports - Commodities: oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, gum arabic, sugar
Exports - Partners:
Japan 48%, China 31%, South Korea 3.8% (2006)
China 58.29%, Japan 14.7%, Indonesia 8.83%, India 4.86% (2009)
Imports - Commodities: foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles, wheat
Imports - Partners:
China 17.7%, Saudi Arabia 9%, UAE 5.6%, Egypt 5.2%, Germany 5.1%, India 4.5% (2006)
China 21.87%, Saudi Arabia 7.22%, Egypt 6.1%, India 5.53%, UAE 5.3% (2009)
ENVIRONMENT
Environment - Current issues: inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification; periodic drought
Natural hazards: dust storms and periodic persistent droughts
Source: CIA World Factbook
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