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Zambia |
Capital: Lusaka
Languages: English (official), major vernaculars - Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga, and about 70 other indigenous languages
Currency: Zambian kwacha (ZMK)
Background: The territory of Northern Rhodesia was administered by the South Africa Company from 1891 until takeover by the UK in 1923. During the 1920s and 1930s, advances in mining spurred development and immigration. The name was changed to Zambia upon independence in 1964. In the 1980s and 1990s, declining copper prices and a prolonged drought hurt the economy. Poverty and unemployment remains high.
PEOPLE
Population: 11,477,447 (July 2007 est.); 13,460,305
Life expectancy at birth:
2007
Total Population: 38.44 years
Male: 38.34 years
Female: 38.54 years (2007 est.)
2010
Total population: 52.03 years
Male: 50.81 years
Female: 53.28 years (2010 est.)
Age structure:
2007
0-14 years: 45.7% (male 2,633,578/female 2,608,714)
15-64 years: 51.9% (male 2,969,913/female 2,990,923)
65 years and over: 2.4% (male 116,818/female 157,501) (2007 est.)
2010
0-14 years: 45.1% (male 2,685,142/female 2,659,771)
15-64 years: 52.6% (male 3,122,305/female 3,116,846)
65 years and over: 2.3% (male 114,477/female 164,199) (2010 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.664% (2007 est.); 3.118% (2010 est.)
Population below poverty line: N/A
HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate: 17% (2006 est.); 15.2% (2007 est.)
People living with HIV/AIDS: 1,100,000 (2006 est.); 1.1 million (2007 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write English
Total Population: 80.6%
Male: 86.8%
Female: 74.8% (2003 est.)
Refugees and Internally Displaced People:
Refugees (country of origin): 75,468 (Angola), 61,243 (Democratic Republic of the Congo), 5,669 (Rwanda) (2006)
Refugees (country of origin): 42,565 (Angola); 60,874 (Democratic Republic of the Congo); 4,100 (Rwanda) (2007)
ECONOMY
Unemployment rate: N/A
Labour force by Occupation: N/A
Agricultural Products: corn, sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower seed, vegetables, flowers, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), coffee; cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, milk, eggs, hides
Industries: copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs, beverages, chemicals, textiles, fertilizer, horticulture
Exports - Commodities: copper/cobalt 64%, cobalt, electricity; tobacco, flowers, cotton
Exports - Partners:
Switzerland 38.4%, South Africa 21.6%, China 10.3%, UK 7.6%, Tanzania 6.4% (2006)
China 21.37%, Saudi Arabia 8.93%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 8.55%, South Korea 8.32%, Egypt 8.08%, South Africa 6.96%, India 5% (2009)
Imports - Commodities: machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, electricity, fertilizer; foodstuffs, clothing
Imports - Partners:
South Africa 47.3%, UAE 10.4%, Zimbabwe 5.7%, Norway 4% (2006)
South Africa 51.78%, UAE 7.7%, China 5.85%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 4.22% (2009)
ENVIRONMENT
Environment - Current issues: air pollution and resulting acid rain in the mineral extraction and refining region; chemical runoff into watersheds; poaching seriously threatens rhinoceros, elephant, antelope, and large cat populations; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; lack of adequate water treatment presents human health risks.
Natural hazards: periodic drought, tropical storms (November to April)
Source: CIA World Factbook
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