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Angola |
Capital: Luanda
Languages: Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages
Currency: Kwanza (AOA)
Background: Angola is rebuilding its country after the end of a 27-year civil war in 2002. Fighting between the Popular Movement for the Liberation and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) followed independence from Portugal. Peace seemed imminent in 1992 when Angola held national elections, but UNITA renewed fighting after losing at the polls. Up to 1.5 million lives may have been lost and about 4 million people displaced in fighting over the past quarter century. SAVIMBI's death in 2002 ended UNITA's insurgency and strengthened the MPLA's hold on power.
PEOPLE
Population: 12,263,596 (July 2007 est.); 34,586,184 (July 2010 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
2007
Total population: 37.63 years
Male: 36.73 years
Female: 38.57 years (2007 est.)
2010
Total population: 74.26 years
Male: 72.57 years
Female: 76.04 years (2010 est.)
Age structure:
2007
0-14 years: 43.7% (male 2,706,276/female 2,654,338)
15-64 years: 53.5% (male 3,339,114/female 3,225,121)
65 years and over: 2.8% (male 149,414/female 189,333) (2007 est.)
2010
0-14 years: 43.5% (male 2,812,359/female 2,759,047)
15-64 years: 53.7% (male 3,496,726/female 3,382,440)
65 years and over: 2.7% (male 153,678/female 195,043) (2010 est.)
Population growth: 2.184% (2007 est.); 2.063% (2010 est.)
Population below poverty line: 70% (2003 est.); 40.5% (2006 est.)
HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate: 3.7% (2006 est.); 2.1% (2007 est.)
People living with HIV/AIDS: 320,000 (2006 est.); 190,000 (2007 est.)
Literacy: definition - age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 67.4%
Male: 82.9%
Female: 54.2% (2001 est.)
Refugees and Internally Displaced People: refugees (country of origin): 12,615 (Democratic Republic of Congo); IDPs: 61,700 (27-year civil war ending in 2002; 4 million IDPs already have returned) (2007)
ECONOMY
Unemployment: extensive unemployment and underemployment affecting more than half the population (2002 est.)
Labour force by Occupation: agriculture: 85%; industry and services: 15% (2003 est.)
Agricultural products: bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, manioc (tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest products; fish
Industries: petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing, brewing, tobacco products, sugar; textiles; ship repair
Exports - Commodities: crude oil, diamonds, refined petroleum products, gas, coffee, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, cotton
Exports - Partners:
US 38.6%, China 34.7%, Taiwan 5.9%, France 4.9%, Chile 4.2% (2006)
China 35.65%, US 25.98%, France 8.83%, South Africa 4.13% (2009)
Imports - Commodities: machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts; medicines, food, textiles, military goods
Imports - Partners:
South Korea 17.3%, US 14.3%, Portugal 14.1%, China 8.3%, South Africa 6.3%, Brazil 5.9%, France 5.8% (2006)
Portugal 18.71%, China 17.39%, US 8.51%, Brazil 8.22%, South Korea 6.72%, France 4.51%, Italy 4.28%, South Africa 4.02% (2009)
ENVIRONMENT
Environment - Current issues: Overuse of pastures and subsequent soil erosion attributable to population pressures; desertification; deforestation of tropical rain forest, in response to both international demand for tropical timber and to domestic use as fuel, resulting in loss of biodiversity; soil erosion contributing to water pollution and siltation of rivers and dams; inadequate supplies of potable water
Natural hazards: locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau
Source: CIA World Factbook
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