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Libya |
Capital: Tripoli
Languages: Arabic, Italian, English, all are widely understood in the major cities
Currency: Libyan dinar (LYD)
Background: Libya achieved independence in 1951. The country's economy depends primarily upon revenues from the oil sector, which contributes practically all export earnings and about one-quarter of GDP. These oil revenues and a small population give Libya one of the highest per capita GDPs in Africa. The non oil manufacturing and construction sectors, which account for about 20% of GDP, have expanded from processing mostly agricultural products to include the production of petrochemicals, iron, steel, and aluminum. Climatic conditions and poor soils severely limit farm output, and Libya imports about 75% of its food requirements. Higher oil prices in 1999 led to an increase in export revenues and helped to stimulate the economy.
PEOPLE
Population: 6,036,914 (July 2007 est.); 6,461,454 (July 2010)
Life expectancy at birth:
2007
Total Population: 76.88 years
Male: 74.64 years
Female: 79.23 years (2007 est.)
2010
Total population: 77.47 years
Male: 75.18 years
Female: 79.88 years (2010 est.)
Age structure:
2007
0-14 years: 33.4% (male 1,029,096/female 985,606)
15-64 years: 62.4% (male 1,940,287/female 1,827,429)
65 years and over: 4.2% (male 124,892/female 129,604) (2007 est.)
2010
0-14 years: 33% (male 1,065,606/female 1,020,102)
15-64 years: 62.6% (male 2,036,780/female 1,923,566)
65 years and over: 4.4% (male 136,224/female 142,079) (2010 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.262% (2007 est.); 2.117% (2010 est.)
Population below poverty line: 7.4% (2005 est.)
HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate: 0.3% (2001 est.)
People living with HIV/AIDS: 10,000 (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total Population: 82.6%
Male: 92.4%
Female: 72% (2003 est.)
Refugees and Internally Displaced People: Refugees (country of origin): 8,873 (Palestinian Territories) (2006)
Refugees (country of origin): 8,000 (Palestinian Territories) (2007)
ECONOMY
Unemployment rate: 30% (2004 est.)
Labour force by Occupation: agriculture: 17%; industry: 23%; services: 59% (2004 est.)
Agricultural Products: wheat, barley, olives, dates, citrus, vegetables, peanuts, soybeans; cattle
Industries: petroleum, iron and steel, food processing, textiles, handicrafts, cement
Exports - Commodities: crude oil, refined petroleum products, natural gas, chemicals
Exports - Partners:
Italy 37.1%, Germany 14.6%, Spain 7.7%, US 6.1%, France 5.6%, Turkey 5.4% (2006)
Italy 37.65%, Germany 10.11%, France 8.44%, Spain 7.94%, Switzerland 5.93%, US 5.27% (2009)
Imports - Commodities: machinery, semi-finished goods, food, transport equipment, consumer products
Imports - Partners:
Italy 18.9%, Germany 7.8%, China 7.6%, Tunisia 6.3%, France 5.8%, Turkey 5.3%, US 4.7%, South Korea 4.3%, UK 4% (2006)
Italy 18.9%, China 10.54%, Turkey 9.92%, Germany 9.78%, France 5.63%, Tunisia 5.25%, South Korea 4.02% (2009)
ENVIRONMENT
Environment - Current issues: desertification; very limited natural fresh water resources; the Great Manmade River Project, the largest water development scheme in the world, is being built to bring water from large aquifers under the Sahara to coastal cities
Natural hazards: hot, dry, dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms, sandstorms
Source: CIA World Factbook
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