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Mozambque |
Capital: Maputo
Languages: Emakhuwa 26.1%, Xichangana 11.3%, Portuguese 8.8% (official; spoken by 27% of population as a second language), Elomwe 7.6%, Cisena 6.8%, Echuwabo 5.8%, other Mozambican languages 32%, other foreign languages 0.3%, unspecified 1.3% (1997 census)
Currency: Metical (MZM)
Background: Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Several factors, including a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development. In 1994, it ranked as one of the poorest countries in the world.
PEOPLE
Population: 20,905,585 (July 2007 est.); 22,061,451
Life expectancy at birth:
2007
Total Population: 40.9 years
Male: 41.4 years
Female: 40.4 years (2007 est.)
2010
total population: 41.37 years
male: 42.05 years
female: 40.68 years (2010 est.)
Age structure:
2007
0-14 years: 44.7% (male 4,692,126/female 4,647,960)
15-64 years: 52.5% (male 5,345,618/female 5,633,511)
65 years and over: 2.8% (male 244,886/female 341,484) (2007 est.)
2010
0-14 years: 44.3% (male 4,829,272/female 4,773,209)
15-64 years: 52.8% (male 5,605,227/female 5,842,679)
65 years and over: 2.9% (male 257,119/female 361,772) (2010 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.803% (2007 est.); 1.797% (2010 est.)
Population below poverty line: 70% (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate: 16.1% (2006 est.); 12.5% (2007 est.)
People living with HIV/AIDS: 1.8 million (2006 est.); 1.5 million (2007 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total Population: 47.8%
Male: 63.5%
Female: 32.7% (2003 est.)
Refugees and Internally Displaced People: N/A
ECONOMY
Unemployment rate: N/A
Labour force by Occupation: agriculture: 81%; industry: 6%; services: 13% (1997 est.)
Agricultural Products: cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, coconuts, sisal, citrus and tropical fruits, potatoes, sunflowers; beef, poultry
Industries: food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), aluminum, petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco
Exports - Commodities: aluminum, prawns, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity
Exports - Partners:
Netherlands 59.7%, South Africa 15.2%, Zimbabwe 3.2% (2006)
Netherlands 47.62%, South Africa 11.6% (2009)
Imports - Commodities: machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal products, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - Partners:
South Africa 36.3%, Netherlands 15.6%, Portugal 3.3% (2006)
South Africa 33.54%, Netherlands 8.42%, India 5.93%, China 4.24% (2009)
ENVIRONMENT
Environment - Current issues: a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters; elephant poaching for ivory is a problem
Natural hazards: severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces
Source: CIA World Factbook
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